Dlium

Corn ( Zea mays ) is a plant species in the Poaceae family; it is an annual grass with a life cycle of 80–150 days, comprising a vegetative growth stage in the first half and a reproductive stage in the second half. It can reach heights of up to 12 meters, though the average is 2–2.5 meters. The stem is jointed, with internodes of approximately 20 cm. The leaves are sessile (lacking a stalk), with blades measuring 9 cm in width and 120 cm in length. As a monocot, Z. mays possesses a fibrous root system extending to a depth of 80 cm. The flowering arrangement is diclinous (unisexual flowers). The flowers are arranged in compound inflorescences: male flowers form a panicle, while female flowers form an ear (cob). Florets are arranged in pairs, subtended by a pair of glumes. The male inflorescence grows at the apex of the plant and produces yellow pollen. Female flowers are arranged on the ear; the ear stalk emerges from the node between the stem and the leaf sheath. This species requir...

Common wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) is a plant species in the Poaceae family; it is a robust, medium-to-tall grass with multiple jointed, usually hollow stems (culms) and long, narrow leaves that sheath the stem at the base, with one leaf emerging above each node. The stem of T. aestivum terminates in a flower head containing approximately 20 to 100 flowers. These flowers are wind-pollinated, with self-pollination accounting for over 99% of pollination events and cross-pollination the remainder. The flowers are protected within a pair of small, leaf-like glumes; two stamens and the stigma protrude beyond the glumes. The flowers are clustered into spikelets, each consisting of 2 to 6 flowers. The carpel develops into the wheat grain—a caryopsis fruit acting as the seed. Mature wheat grains are golden yellow. Leaves emerge from the shoot's apical meristem, extending telescopically until the plant enters the reproductive phase. The final leaf is denser and exhibits a higher photosynt...

Apple ( Malus domestica ) is a plant species in the Rosaceae family; it is a deciduous tree reaching heights of up to 15 meters, featuring a rounded to upright habit and a dense canopy. The bark is dark gray or grayish-brown, while young branches are reddish or dark brown with a smooth texture. Young twigs are covered in fine hairs. Leaf buds are egg-shaped and dark red or purple, measuring 3–5 mm. Upon emerging from the bud, the leaves are convolute, with their edges overlapping. The leaves are elliptical—with the widest part near the base—or elongated, with sides tending toward parallel and a tapering tip. The leaf margins feature wide-angled serrations but lack deep indentations. The upper leaf surface is glabrescent (becoming hairless), whereas the underside is densely covered with fine hairs. The leaves are arranged alternately and attached to the stem by short stalks (petioles) measuring 1–3.5 cm in length. As the flower buds open, the petals are pink, fading to white or pale br...