Skip to main content

Opak River

Opak River or Kali Opak is a river along approximately 65 kilometers across Sleman Regency and Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The upper river is on Mount Merapi in Sleman and flows south to the Indian Ocean on Samas Beach in Bantul.

The Opak River crossed the western side of Prambanan Temple and was once the natural boundary of the Kingdom of Yogyakarta with the Kingdom of Surakarta. The average monthly discharge of water is around 12.35 meters per second with a maximum of 83.2 cubic meters per second and a minimum of 1.89 cubic meters per second.

Dlium Opak River

The major rivers that supply water to the Opak River are Gendol River, Tepus River, Kuning River, Code River, Gajahwong River, Belik River, Tambakbayan River, Nongko River, Oyo River and Winongo River.

This river flows in the southern region of Java in the tropical monsoon climate for the Am code according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The average temperature of a year is around 22 Celsius. The hottest is October at 26 Celsius and the coldest January at 18 Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 2970 mm where January averages 537 mm and September averages 22 mm.

Dlium.com Opak River

Fish

Opak River water is classified as cloudy, but not necessarily polluted because many living and varied living things include the Suckermouth catfish (Hypostomus plecostomus), Wader (Puntius javanicus), Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus), Javanese catfish or Lele Jawa (Clarias batracus), Snakehead murrel (Channa striata), and Nilem (Osteochillus hasselti).

Walking catfish or Javanese catfish (C. batracus) are threatened with extinction since the introduction of Dumbo Catfish or Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) which breed faster and more carnivorous. Opak River is one of the favorite places for fishing enthusiasts in fresh water besides Progo River for residents of Yogyakarta.



Mangrove forest

The Opak River Estuary has a mangrove forest in Baros Village, Kretek District, Bantul Regency and is known as the Baros Mangrove Area. Mangroves grow densely and there is a stretch of grass used by farmers for animal feed. This area succeeded in developing mangrove forests which were previously predicted not to grow on land and environments that did not meet the requirements.

Popular Posts

Six new species forming the Sumbana species group in genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg 1798 from Indonesia

NEWS - Sumbawa longhorn ( Nemophora sumbana Kozlov, sp. nov.), Timor longhorn ( Nemophora timorella Kozlov, sp. nov.), shining shade longhorn ( Nemophora umbronitidella Kozlov, sp. nov.), Wegner longhorn ( Nemophora wegneri Kozlov, sp. nov.), long brush longhorn ( Nemophora longipeniculella Kozlov, sp. nov.), and short brush longhorn ( Nemophora brevipeniculella Kozlov, sp. nov.) from the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia. The Lesser Sunda Islands consist of two parallel, linear oceanic island chains, including Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Sawu, Timor, Alor, and Tanimbar. The oldest of these islands have been continuously occurring for 10–12 million years. This long period of isolation has allowed significant in situ diversification, making the Lesser Sundas home to many endemic species. This island chain may act as a two-way filter for organisms migrating between the world's two great biogeographic regions, Asia and Australia-Papua. The recognition of a striking cli...

Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)

Ranti or black nightshade ( Solanum nigrum ) is a species of plant in the Solanaceae, shrub and short-lived, stems erect or lying on the ground, berries have a black color when ripe, grows in forests, agricultural land and disturbed habitats. S. nigrum has stems erect or lying at ground level, 30–120 cm (12 to 47 in) long, branched, tubular with several linear grooves forming a cone, green and white-haired. Leaves are elliptical to heart-shaped, 4-7.5 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, pinnate base, pointed or blunt tip, wavy edge or large toothed, dark green upper side, pale underside, hairy or hairless and has a stalk with a length of 1-3 cm. Flowers have greenish to whitish petals, curved when old and surrounded by bright yellow anthers. The berries are mostly 6-8 mm in diameter and are green then turn dull black or black purple or red. Black nightshade grows well with a soil pH of 5.5-6.5 and is rich in organic matter. It is difficult to grow under conditions of high temperature and high hum...

Redflower ragleaf (Crassocephalum crepidioides)

Sintrong or ebolo or thickhead or redflower ragleaf ( Crassocephalum crepidioides ) are plant species in Asteraceae, terma height 25-100 cm, white fibrous roots, generally grow wild on the roadside, yard gardens or abandoned lands at altitude 200- 2500 m. C. crepidioides has erect or horizontal stems along the soil surface, vascular, soft, non-woody, shallow grooves, green, rough surface and short white hair, aromatic fragrance when squeezed. Petiole is spread on stems, tubular and eared. Single leaf, spread out, green, 8-20 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, longitudinal or round inverted eggshell with a narrow base along the stalk. Pointed tip, flat-edged or curved to pinnate, jagged rough and pointed. The top leaves are smaller and often sit. Compound flowers grow throughout the year in humps that are arranged in terminal flat panicles and androgynous. Green cuffs with orange-brown to brick-red tips, cylindrical for 13-16 mm long and 5-6 mm wide. The crown is yellow with a brownish red...