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Marigold (Tagetes erecta)

Dlium Marigold (Tagetes erecta)

Marigold (Tagetes erecta) are plants in the family Compositae (Asteraceae), as one of the ornamental herbs commonly used as hedgerows and are commercially cut flowers which have unique flowers and striking colors.

T. erecta is an annual plant, grows on soil with a neutral pH in hot areas, lots of sunlight and good drainage. The height of this plant ranges from 30 cm to 120 cm. The stem grows erect and branched, greenish white if the shoots are young and green if they are grown.



In all stems grow a compound with pointed ends and jagged edges. The outermost layer is the stem epidermis. Single leaves, pinnate resembling compound leaves, elongated shape to narrow lanceolate with round glandular spots on the edges and green.

Flowers measuring 7.5 - 10 cm with double crown arrangements, bright colors with orange and golden yellow. Flowers have a complete organ including pistils and stamens, shaped like a hump, single or collected in panicles and surrounded by protective leaves.

Traditional medicine uses to cure respiratory infections, anti-inflammation, thinning phlegm, anemia and rheumatism. Plants contain essential oils, natural fungicides and anti-nematodes. Flowers used as ceremonial for Hindu community in Bali. Plant also used as chicken feed supplement to produce yellow in the egg.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Tageteae
Genus: Tagetes L. in Sp. Pl.: 887 (1753)
Species: Tagetes erecta L. in Sp. Pl.: 887 (1753)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Tagetes major Gaertn. in Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 437 (1791)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Tagetes corymbosa Sweet in Brit. Fl. Gard. 2: t. 151 (1826)
Tagetes elongata Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 2127 (1803)
Tagetes erecta f. pleniflora Moldenke in Phytologia 5: 92 (1954)
Tagetes heterocarpha Rydb. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 155 (1915)
Tagetes patula L. in Sp. Pl.: 887 (1753)
Tagetes patula aurantiaca T.Moore in Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 323 (1860)
Tagetes patula nanissima T.Moore (1860)
Tagetes remotiflora Kunze in Linnaea 20: 23 (1847)
Tagetes tenuifolia Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp., ed. fol., 4: 153 (1818)

PUBLICATIONS

Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.

Dar, G.H. & Govaerts, R.H.A. (2025). Flora of Kashmir Himalaya: Sind Valley 2: 607-1262. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India.

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2006). Asteraceae. Flora of North America North of Mexico 21: 1-616. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.

Funk, V.A., P.E.Berry, S.Alexander, T.H.Hollowell & C.L.Kelloff (2007). Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55: 1-584.

GCC (2011). Global Compositae Checklist http://compositae.landcareresearch.co.nz.

Ghafoor, A. & al. (2021). Flora of Pakistan 224: 1-310. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.

Ghazanfar, S.A. (2015). Flora of Oman 3: 1-386. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise.

Ghazanfar, S.A., Edmondson, J.R. & Hind, D.J.N. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Iraq 6: 1-458. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.

Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].

Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2020). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 4(1): 1-904. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 2: 865-1712. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.

Kharkevich, S.S. (ed.) (1992). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 6: 1-428. Nauka, Leningrad.

Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.

Koyama, H., Bunwong, S., Pornpongrungrueng, P. & Hind, D.J.N. (2016). Flora of Thailand 13(2): 143-428. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.

Liogier, A.H. (1996). Flora de la Española 8: 1-588. Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo.

Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.

Probatova, N.S. & al. (2006). Flora Rossiĭskogo Dal'nego Vostoka. Dopolneniya i izmeneniya k izdaniyu Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka t. 1-8 (1985-1996): 1-454. Russian academy of sciences Far Eastern branch.

Sarder, N.U. & Hassan, M.A. (eds.) (2018). Vascular flora of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts 3: 1-978. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.

Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.

Urziceanu, M. & al. (2020). Updated list of non-native ornamental plants in Romania. Contributii Botanice Universitatea "Babes-Bolyai" din Cluj-Napoca 55: 59-82.

Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2011). Flora of China 20-21: 1-992. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

von Raab-Straube, E. (ed.) (2011). Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase. The Euro+Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/query.asp.

VERNACULAR NAME

Afrikaans: Afrikanertjie
Arabic: مخملية قائمة
Chinese (simplified): 万寿菊
Chinese (traditional): 法國萬壽菊 - 孔雀草 - 萬壽菊
Czech: Aksamitník rozkladitý, Aksamitník vzpřímený
Danish: Opret fløjlsblomst
Dutch: Groot afrikaantje
English: Marigold, African Marigold, Mexican Marigold
Estonian: Kõrge peiulill
Filipino: Amarillo
Finnish: Isosamettikukka
French: Rose d'Inde
German: Aufrechte Samtblume
Hindi: गेंडा Genda
Hong Kong: 萬壽菊
Hungarian: Nagy bársonyvirág
Indonesian: Cocok botol, Kenikir, Tahi Kotok
Italian: Tagete eretta
Japanese: アフリカン・マリーゴールド - アフリカンマリーゴールド - サンショウギク - センジュギク - 千寿菊
Java: Kenikir
Kannada: Chandu hoovu gida, Chendu mallige, Seeme shaavantige, Gonde gida Chendu hoo
Konkani: Gondephool
Korean: 천수국
Lithuanian: Didysis serentis
Macao: 萬壽菊
Malayalam: Chendumalli
Marathi: Jhenduphool
Mizo: Derhken
Nepali: सयपत्री Sayapatri
Oria: Gendu, Jendu
Otomí: Jondri
Polish: Aksamitka wzniesiona
Portuguese: Cravo-de-defunto
Russian: Бархатцы прямостоячие
Slovak: Aksamietnica vzpriamená
Spanish: Cempasúchil, Clavel de muerto, Clavelitos de muerto, Flor de muerto, Maravilla, Ruda del pasto
Swedish: Stort sammetsblomster
Taiwan: 萬壽菊
Tamil: துருகாசமந்தி - வெடிப்பு நாரிப்பூ - செண்டு மல்லி Thurukasaamanthi, Vedipu naaripoo, Chendu malli
Telugu: Banthi puvu chettu, Kunkuma banthi chettu, Banthi Chettu
Thai: ดาวเรือง
Turkish: Kadife çiçeği
Ukrainian: Чорнобривці прямостійні

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
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