Skip to main content

Know the types of coffee

Each coffee has a distinctive flavor and you will not find the same taste elsewhere. This beverage arena is a geographic character. Each coffee has a variety of variables that make it special including species and varieties, soil types, location, altitude, processing methods and others.

The coffee world only classifies coffee based on popular general characterizations which are referred to as single origin or refers to the cultivation area from which the coffee was grown. This term intends to make it easier for people to recognize the character of coffee.

Dlium Know the types of coffee

Taxonomy

Members in a species if they mate with each other will produce fertile offspring without reproductive barriers. In addition, the variety also shows a distinctive appearance different from other varieties, but will cross freely with other varieties.

The three most popular coffees consumed are arabica (Coffea arabica), robusta (Coffea canephora var. Robusta), liberika (Coffea liberica var. Dewerei) and others for a total of more than 120 species.

C. arabica is found first in the Ethiopian highlands and is the most popular in the universe. At least 70% of the world's coffee trade is dominated by this species and prices are more expensive where plant care and cultivation is not easy.

The distinctive feature of arabica is the color of steeping which is not concentrated and the acidity level is higher than the caffeine contained. This species is most sought after by farmers because it can give birth to several varieties with unique and different smells. Arabica has a more fragrant and rich aroma.



At least two Arabica coffee varieties are well-known and are the parent of varieties that are spread throughout the world. C. arabica var Typica is the oldest arabica variety taken from Ethiopia and has become the parent of most existing arabica varieties. Others are C. arabica var Bourbon originating from Yemen.

Robusta coffee is one of the subspecies of Coffea canephora and other subspecies is C. canephora var. Nganda. However, most of the cultivated robusta is C. canephora var. Robusta so that this name is used by people in general for all.

Robusta comes from a robust word which means strong. Although this plant is more resistant to pests and easier to maintain, the quality of the fruit is lower than arabica and the price is cheaper.

Robusta has a strong, rugged, earthy and nutty aroma. The taste is more bitter than other types of coffee. This variety is perfect for drinks with a mixture of other ingredients including milk and chocolate because the taste of real coffee will not lose.

Arabica and Robusta have a strong place in the world market, but some people carry out crossbreeding that gives birth to hybrids to produce plants that are arabica scented and have resistant pests such as robusta. Timor coffee is one of the arabica and robusta hybrids cultivated on Timor Island.

Catimor coffee is the result of cross-breeding by caturra and timor where the hybrid variety is expected to inherit pest resistance by timor and harvest speed by caturra. Catimor has a bitter and nutty taste, but low acidity.

Liberica coffee (Coffea liberica var. Dewerei) has a larger fruit size than arabica and robusta, but the drying process produces only 10% of the wet weight. Depreciation was not liked by farmers. Liberika's production level is very low or only around 1-2% of world coffee production.

Single origin

Coffee is also differentiated according to the area of origin where they grow where each place will produce different fruit flavors. For example Toraja, Java preanger, Kintamani, Gayo, Sidikalang, Mandailing, Bajawa Flores, Wamena and others.

Brew

Coffee is also differentiated according to the way of making it into a drink. Espresso based coffee includes Ristretto, Lungo, Doppio, Americano, Long black, Latte, Cappuccino, Macchiato, Mochaccino, Affogato, Con panna and Black eye.

Some types of coffee are manually made or call brew coffee manuals including Kopi tubruk, Pour over, Vietnamese drip, Plunger or press, Vacuum, Moka pot and Cold brew.

Popular Posts

Indian shot (Canna indica)

Puspa midra or Indian shot ( Canna indica ) is is plant species in Cannaceae, annual, shrub 0.5-2.5 meters high, depending on variety, erect stems, unbranched and leaf midrib arranged overlapping to form pseudostems and hermaphrodite flowers. C. indica forms a branched rhizome, 60 cm long which is divided into rounded segments and is covered in two stripes by pale green or purple scaly leaves. The rhizome has tubers that contain very large starch grains. The surface has transverse furrows, the underside appears white roots and numerous shoots. The leaves sit alternate and spiral or arranged in two rows, very large and divided into a leaf midrib, short stalk and blade. The strands are 30-60 cm long, 10-20 cm wide and have linear veins, green or purple-green, the base blunt or narrowly pointed and the apex immediately tapering or sharp. Hermaphrodite flowers, pedicels 0.2-1 cm long and red or yellow-orange, except in some cultivars 4.5-7.5 cm long. The sepals are triangular in shape a...

Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)

Guinea grass or buffalo grass or green panic ( Panicum maximum ) is a plant species in Poaceae, annual grasses, growing upright to form clumps, strong, cultivated in all tropical and subtropical regions for very high value as fodder. P. maximum reproduces in very large pols, fibrous roots penetrate into the soil, upright stems, green, 1-1.5 m tall and have smooth cavities for diameters up to 2.5 mm. Propagation is done vegetatively and generatively. Ribbon-shaped leaves with a pointed tip, very many, built in lines, green, 40-105 cm long, 10-30 mm wide, erect, branched, a white linear bone, often covered with a layer of white wax, rough surface by hair short, dense and spread. The flower grows at the end of a long and upright stalk, open with the main axis length to more than 25 cm and the length of the bunches down to 20 cm. Grains have a size of 3x4 mm and oval. Seeds have a length of 2.25-2.50 mm and each 1 kg contains 1.2 - 1.5 million seeds. Guinea grass has two varieties. P...

Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia)

Sonokeling or Java palisandre or Indian rosewood ( Dalbergia latifolia ) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, a large tree producing hardwood, medium weight and high quality, rounded leaves, thin and broad pods, highly adaptive, grows in dry and rocky landscapes with lots of sunlight. D. latifolia has medium to large size, cylindrical stems, up to 40 m high with a ring of up to 2 m, the bark is brownish gray and slightly cracked longitudinally. The crown is dense, dome-shaped and sheds leaves. The leaves are compound and pinnate oddly with 5-7 strands that have different sizes and appear alternately on the shaft. The leaves are round or elongated in width or heart, the upper surface is green and the surface is pale green. The flowers are small, 0.5-1 cm long and clustered in panicles. The pods are green to brown when ripe and are elongated lanceolate, pointed at the base and tip. The pods have 1-4 seeds which are soft and brownish. Indian rosewood grows at elevations below 600 m,...