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Arrowhead vine (Syngonium podophyllum)

Dlium Arrowhead vine (Syngonium podophyllum)

Arrowhead vine (Syngonium podophyllum) is a plant species, having arrow-shaped leaves with three alternating lobes that have size, color and shape that vary with age and variety is Syngonium podophyllum var. albolineatum, Syngonium podophyllum var. oerstedianum and Syngonium podophyllum var. peliocladum.

S. podophyllum grows on the surface or climbs. Widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in many tropical countries and has at least 10 cultivars. The main difference is in the position and extent of the cream or white. Some leaves are almost entirely white, pink or yellow.



Leaves and stems contain poisonous milk gums. Leaflets are generally dark green at the top and pale green at the bottom. It has 4-11 spadix which grow on leaf axils, each consisting of 6-9 tubular flowers, green, covered in creamy white to green leaves.

The fruit is red to reddish orange with many black or brown seeds in a soft grayish pulp. But it is very rare to bear fruit even in its original range. Seedlings have one to several simple leaves in sagittate while mature plants have very varied leaf compounds.

Goosefoot-plant reproduces almost entirely vegetatively from a single node because it rarely produces viable seeds in the original range. Many specimens are sterile and have no flowers. But in Sumatra many are found to be flowering and fruitful which indicates that there are effective pollinators present.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Subfamily: Aroideae
Tribe: Caladieae
Genus: Syngonium Schott in Wiener Z. Kunst 3: 780 (1829)
Section: Syngonium
Species: Syngonium podophyllum Schott in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 9: 85 (1851)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Syngonium podophyllum var. typicum Engl. in Pflanzenr., IV, 23E(Heft 71): 129 (1920)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Arum auritum Vell. in Fl. Flumin. 9: t. 113 (1831)
Pothos auritus Willd. in J.A.Schultes & J.H.Schultes, Mant. 3: 301 (1827)
Syngonium affine Schott in Syn. Aroid.: 67 (1856)
Syngonium amazonicum Engl. (1920)
Syngonium decipiens Schott (1856)
Syngonium gracile (Miq.) Schott (1856)
Syngonium podophyllum var. multisectum Engl. (1920)
Syngonium poeppigii Schott (1856)
Syngonium riedelianum Schott (1856)
Syngonium ruizii Schott in Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 418 (1854)
Syngonium ternatum Gleason in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 56: 13 (1929)
Syngonium vellozianum Schott (1854)
Syngonium vellozianum var. decipiens (Schott) Engl. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 3(2): 130 (1878)
Syngonium vellozianum var. latilobum Engl. (1878)
Syngonium vellozianum var. oblongisectum Engl. (1920)
Syngonium vellozianum var. poeppigii (Schott) Engl. (1878)
Syngonium vellozianum var. riedelianum (Schott) Engl. (1878)
Syngonium willdenowii Schott (1856)
Syngonium xanthophilum Schott in Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 214 (1860)
Xanthosoma gracile Miq. in Index Seminum (AMD, Amstelodamensis) 1853: 3 (1853)

PUBLICATIONS

(2023). https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4. epublication.

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

Arruda Pontes, T., Moreira de Andrade, I. & Alves, M. (2010). Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Araceae. Rodriguésia; Revista do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal, Jardim Botânico e Estaçao Biologica do Itatiaya 61: 689-794.

Croat, T.B. (2023). A revision of Syngonium Schott (Araceae - Caladieae) for Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. Aroideana 46(2): 14-397.

Funez, L.A. & al. (2017). Fifty-five new records of vascular plants, and other discoveries for the flora of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 72: 221-275.

Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Hammel, B.E. & al. (2003). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 2: 1-694. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Hernandez, J. (2007). In Hawaiian rainforests: exotic aroid ecologies. Aroideana 30: 91-97.

Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.

Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.

Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Oppenheimer, H. (2011). New Hawaiian plant records for 2009. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 220: 5-10.

Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

VERNACULAR NAME

Afrikaans: Gansvoet
Chinese (simplified): 合果芋
Chinese (traditional): 合果芋 - 長柄合果芋
Danish: Gåsefodsyngonium
English: Arrowhead vine, Arrow-head vine, Goose foot, Arrowhead plant, Arrowhead philodendron, Goosefoot, Nephthytis, African evergreen, Goosefoot-plant
Finnish: Muulinkultakorva
French: Patte-d'oie
Guangdong: 長柄合果芋
Hong Kong: 長柄合果芋
Indonesia: Singonium, Uruwakung
Japanese: アオミツバカズラ
Java: Tapak bebek
Macao: 長柄合果芋
Polish: Zroślicha stopowcowa
Portuguese: Singônio
Russian: Сингониум ножколистный
Slovak: Syngónium stopkatolisté
Spanish: Chapiso, Malanga trepadora, Mano poderosa
Thai: เงินไหลมา - ออมเงินออมทอง
Turkish: Melek Kanadı
Ukrainian: Сингоніум ніжколистий

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
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