Yellow oleander (Cascabela thevetia)

Ginje or yellow oleander or be-still tree or thevetia peruviana (Cascabela thevetia) is plant species in Apocynaceae, small tropical shrubs or small trees, poisonous but some bird species are known to eat fruit without adverse effects and are widely cultivated as ornamental plants.

C. thevetia has shiny green leaves, linear-lanceolate and covered with a waxy coating to reduce water loss. The green stems turn silver or gray with age, but the inside remains green and has a thin brown skin.

The flowers are long funnel shaped and yellow or white or red. Dark red fruit that encloses a large seed. Yellow oleander is drought resistant, tolerant of high temperatures, dry or barren soil and drought.

All parts of the plant are poisonous to most vertebrates because they contain glycosides. The main poisons are cardenolides called thevetin A and thevetin B, peruvoside, neriifolin, thevetoxin, and ruvoside. Toxins are used in biological pest control. Seed oil is used for antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-termite properties.

Several species of birds are known to eat them without ill effects, including the sunbirds, Asian coels, red-whiskered bulbuls, white-browed bulbuls, red-vented bulbuls, brahminy myna, common myna and common gray hornbills. Extracts from C. thevetia have antispermatogenic activity in mice.

Bright yellow flowers are used for religious purposes, especially in the worship of Hindu Shiva. Ginje is cultivated as an ornamental plant and is planted as a large flowering bush or small ornamental tree in gardens and parks.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Subfamily: Rauvolfioideae
Genus: Cascabela
Species: Cascabela thevetia
Varieties: Cascabela thevetia var. peruviana

Crested blue ear (Cyanotis cristata)

Crested blue ear ( Cyanotis cristata ) is a species of plant in the Commelinaceae, a fleshy and strong herb, growing as a vine. Leaves 8 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, oblong, rounded or heart-shaped base, blunt or pointed tip, sparsely ciliated at the edge; sheath loose, up to 8 mm long, scaly. C. cristata has flowers 6-7 mm in diameter. Calyx tube 2 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, hairy. Corolla pale blue to purple, 6 mm long. Stamen filaments bearded, purple. Ovary rounded, hairy at the apex. Capsules 2-3 mm long, ovate. Seeds about 1 mm long, trigonous, 2 large holes on either side. This species grows in grasslands, degraded forest areas, wastelands, waterways and roadsides. C. cristata is found in wet rocky areas, moist soils, grasslands, ravines and riverbanks. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Liliopsida Order: Commelinales Family: Commelinaceae Subfamily: Commelinoideae Tribe: Tradescantieae Genus: Cyanotis Species: Cyanotis cristata

Broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius)

Broad-leaved dock ( Rumex obtusifolius ) is a species of plant in the Polygonaceae, herbaceous perennial, growing broadly, up to 150 cm tall, large, oval-shaped leaves with a heart-shaped base and rounded tip, large taproot with many branches extending to a depth of 150 cm. R. obtusifolius has leaves up to 30 cm long, 15 cm wide and green. Stems are long, hard, alternate, green or reddish in color and unbranched until just below the inflorescence. A main vein in the middle and green or reddish in color. Flat or wavy surface. The inflorescences consist of large clusters of racemes that contain small, greenish flowers that turn red as they mature. Seeds are reddish brown and dry. Broad-leaved dock grows in fertile soils, grasslands, waste lands, roadsides, ditches, coastlines and riverbanks, forest margins, forest clearing and agricultural land. The leaves are used as a salad to make vegetable broth or cooked like spinach. Dried seeds are used as a spice. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tr...

Durian (Durio zibethinus)

Durian ( Durio zibethinus ) is a species of tropical plant in Malvaceae, an annual tree, everlasting green but there are certain times to grow new leaves after the fruiting period is over, popularly called "king of fruit" and considered a controversial fruit where many people like, but some others are even fed up with the scent. D. zibethinus grows to 25-50 m, reddish brown bark and irregular peeling, leafy and stretched canopy. The leaves are oval shaped to lanceolate, 10-15x3-4.5 cm, sitting alternately, stemmed, taper or blunt base and taper-pointed sloping, bright green upper side, the lower side covered with silver or golden scales. Flowers and fruit Flowers appear directly on the trunk or old branches at the proximal, clustered in panicles containing 3-10 florets or flat-shaped florets. Rounded flower buds, 2 cm in diameter and long stem. Tubular petals, 3 cm long, additional petals split into 2-3 round lobes. Crown shaped spatula with a length of 2 times the ...

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