Tabasco pepper (Capsicum frutescens) is a plant species in Solanaceae, growing annuals as shrubs for 50-135 cm tall and widening 50-90 cm, an important horticulture and widely cultivated for fruits that have a spicy taste for various uses.
C. frutescens has a perpendicular and sturdy stem, a diameter of 1.5-3 cm, woody and greenish brown. Formation of wood on the main stem begins at the age of 30 days after budding. The leaves are bright green to dark green depending on variety, have stems, oval shaped with tapered ends and pinnate bones.
Flowers emerge from the leaf armpits, hermaphrodites, trumpet-shaped and complete organs. Usually hanging, calyx has six greenish strands and corolla has five white strands. Pistilum stems are white with greenish-yellow heads.
The fruit is short round with a pointed or conical tip, 2-3.5 cm long and 5-12 mm wide, yellowish white when young and red when ripe, flat round, arranged in clusters and attached to the pith.
Tabasco pepper grows well in clay-textured soils, sandy loam and dusty loam, pH 5.5-6.5, open land to get sunlight from morning to evening and good drainage system in the rainy season.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Subfamily: Solanoideae
Tribe: Capsiceae
Genus: Capsicum L. in Sp. Pl.: 188 (1753)
Species: Capsicum frutescens L. in Sp. Pl.: 189 (1753)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Capsicum annuum var. frutescens (L.) Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 133 (1866)
Capsicum indicum Dierb. in Handb. Med.-Pharm. Bot.: 28 (1819)
Capsicum indicum var. berberideum Dierb. in Arch. Apotheker-Vereins Nördl. Teutschl. 30: 29 (1829)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Capsicum annuum var. conicum Alef. (1866)
Capsicum annuum var. conoideum (Mill.) Irish in Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 65 (1898)
Capsicum annuum var. oblongoconicum (Dunal) Cufod. in Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 33(Suppl.): 860 (1963)
Capsicum annuum var. parvoacuminatum Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 3: 30 (1926)
Capsicum annuum var. subconicum Alef. (1866)
Capsicum conicum G.Mey. in Prim. Fl. Esseq.: 112 (1818)
Capsicum conicum var. angustifolium Dunal in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 415 (1852)
Capsicum conicum var. latifolium Dunal (1852)
Capsicum conicum var. orientale Dunal (1852)
Capsicum conoides Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 562 (1819)
Capsicum conoideum Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 1 (1768)
Capsicum conoideum var. chordale Fingerh. in Monogr. Capsic.: 15 (1832)
Capsicum conoideum var. oblongoconicum Dunal (1852)
Capsicum conoideum var. sulcatum Fingerh. (1832)
Capsicum crispum Dunal (1852)
Capsicum crispum var. piper-rabiosum Dunal (1852)
Capsicum curvipes Dunal (1852)
Capsicum fastigiatum Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 705 (1826)
Capsicum flexuosum var. perrottettii Dunal (1852)
Capsicum frutescens var. conoideum (Mill.) L.H.Bailey in Gentes Herbarum 1: 129 (1923)
Capsicum frutescens var. multilobatum Dunal (1852)
Capsicum frutescens var. queenslandicum Domin in Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 572 (1928)
Capsicum indicum var. conoideum (Mill.) Dierb. (1829)
Capsicum indicum subsp. elaeocarpon Dierb. (1819)
Capsicum indicum var. ribesium Dierb. (1829)
Capsicum micranthum Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 190 (1821)
Capsicum minimum Roxb. in Fl. Ind. 1: 574 (1820)
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VERNACULAR NAME
Aceh: Lada raya
Afrikaans: Rooi-rissie
Amharic: Ba-re-ba-ree
Assamese: Jolokiya, Pahari-jola
Bali: Lada cayenne
Batak: Lada rawit
Bengali: লালা মারিকা Lala marica
Chamorro: Donni sali
Chinese (simplified): 辣椒 - 小米椒 - 尖椒 - 小米辣 - 灌木状辣椒
Chinese (traditional): 辣椒 - 尖椒 - 小米辣 - 小米椒
Czech: Paprika křovitá
Danish: Cayennepeber
Dutch: Chilipeper
English: Tabasco pepper, African Chilli, African Pepper, Bird pepper, Cayenne pepper, Chili pepper, Chilie pepper, Chilli bean, Natal chilli, Green chilli, Guinea pepper, Hot chilli, Hot pepper, red Pepper
Filipino: Siling labuyo
Finnish: Pensaspaprika
Guangdong: 辣椒
Hindi: लाल मिर्च - मिर्च - धन मिर्च - लोवोंगी मिर्ची Laal mirch, Mirch, Dhan Mirch, Lovongi Mirchi
Hong Kong: 辣椒
Indonesian: Cabai rawit, Cabe rawit
Japanese: キダチトウガラシ
Java: Rawit, Lombok rawit
Kannada: Menasu, Gandhari Menasu, Sooji Menasu, Jeerige Menasu, Sanna Menasu, Kadu Menasu, Lavanga Menasu, Bhatta Menasu, Akasha Menasu, Kirumenasu
Khmer: Mtesa kriem
Lao: Phik thai
Macao: 辣椒
Madura: Cabe rawit
Malayalam: Kantharimulaku, Pacha Mulagu, Palmulaku, Vellakanthari
Malaysia: Lada, Cili api, Cili, Cili padi, Cabai burung, Cabai rawit, Lada kerawit, Lada mira
Manipuri: Morok
Marathi: Lavangi
Minang: Lado pucuak
Nepali: लाला मिर्का Lala mirca
Oria: Dhanua lanka
Otomí: Jónguñi
Portuguese: Pimenta-caiena, Pimenta-malagueta, Pimenta-tabasco, Pimentas-malagueta e afins
Russian: Стручковый перец однолетний
Shona: Miripiri
Sinhala: කෙන් ගැමිරිස් Ken gammiris
Slovak: Paprika kríčkovitá
Spanish: Pimienta de cayena, Chile Tabasco, Ají tití
Sunda: Cengek, Cabé bubuk
Tagalog: Siling Labuyo
Taiwan: 小米辣
Tamil: மிலகே - முலகா - முலகா Milagay, Mulaka, Mulaga
Telugu: Golkonda mirapa, Konda mirapa, Aggi mirapa
Thai: พริกคาเยน Phrik khā yen
Vietnam: Ớt cayenne
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