Skip to main content

Bignay (Antidesma bunius)

Dlium Bignay (Antidesma bunius)

Bignay (Antidesma bunius) is a plant species in Phyllanthaceae, deciduous trees, up to 30 m tall, straight stems and 20-25 cm in diameter, many branches and shade, small fruits arranged in a long stalk, eaten raw or deep cooking or fermented into grapes.

A. bunius has leaves with 1 cm long stalks, alternating, oblong-lanceolate, 19-25 cm long, 4-10 cm wide, rounded base, sharp or blunt tip, flat margins, dark green and shiny upper surface, bright lower surface, a main bone runs in the middle and appears on the underside of the leaf.



Male and female flowers are located in different trees and arranged in the form of panicles 6-20 cm long. Female flower size is larger than male flowers. Terminal or axillary and narrowly spicate or racemose.

Male flowers sit, cupular petals consisting of 3-4 short rounded petals, 3-4 stamens and reddish in color. Female flowers have a stalk, bell-shaped petals, 3-4 lobes measuring 1x2 mm, ovary ovoid, 3-4 pistil heads with small discs.

Wet and drupe fruit, round or ovoid and 8-10 mm in diameter. First it is bright green with a sour taste, then red and bluish black with a sweet taste. Fruit arranged in bunches with a diameter of 3 cm. Elongated ovate seeds, 6-8 mm long and 4.5-5.5 mm wide.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Subfamily: Antidesmatoideae
Tribe: Antidesmateae
Genus: Antidesma L. in Sp. Pl.: 1027 (1753)
Species: Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 826 (1824)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Antidesma bunius var. genuinum Müll.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 262 (1866)
Antidesma stilago Forsyth f. in Bot. Nomencl.: 159 (1794)
Stilago bunius L. in Mant. Pl. 1: 122 (1767)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Sapium crassifolium Elmer in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 485 (1908)
Antidesma andamanicum Hook.f. in Fl. Brit. India 5: 364 (1887)
Antidesma bunius var. cordifolium (C.Presl) Müll.Arg. (1866)
Antidesma bunius var. floribundum (Tul.) Müll.Arg. (1866)
Antidesma bunius var. pubescens Petra Hoffm. in Kew Bull. 54: 350 (1999)
Antidesma bunius var. sylvestre (Lam.) Müll.Arg. (1866)
Antidesma bunius var. wallichii Müll.Arg. (1866)
Antidesma ciliatum C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 594 (1851)
Antidesma collettii Craib in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 461 (1911)
Antidesma cordifolium C.Presl (1851)
Antidesma crassifolium (Elmer) Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 7: 383 (1912 publ. 1913)
Antidesma floribundum Tul. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 15: 189 (1851)
Antidesma glabellum K.D.Koenig ex Benn. in Pl. Jav. Rar.: 192 (1840)
Antidesma glabrum Tul. (1851)
Antidesma retusum Zipp. ex Span. in Linnaea 15: 350 (1841)
Antidesma rumphii Tul. (1851)
Antidesma sylvestre Lam. in Encycl. 1: 207 (1783)
Antidesma thorelianum Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 70: 124 (1923)

PUBLICATIONS

Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Chakrabarty, T. & Balakrishnan, N.P. (2018). Indo-Burmese Phyllanthaceae: A Taxonomic Revision: 1-437. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.

Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Hoffmann, P. (2005). Antidesma in Malesia and Thailand: 1-292. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.

Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Nurtjahya, E. & al. (2026). Flowering Plants of Bangka Island: Native and Introduced. Acta Botanica Hungarica 68: 127-156.

Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

VERNACULAR NAME

Burmese: ကြွေပုစင်း Kywe-pyisin
Chinese (simplified): 五月茶
Chinese (traditional): 五月茶 - 五月茶 - 五味子
Dutch: Salamanderboom
English: Bignay, Salamander-tree, Salamander tree, Currant tree, Bugnay, Herbert river-cherry, Wild cherry
Filipino: Bignay, Bignai, Isip, Paginga
French: Antidesme
Hindi: हिमाल्चेरी Himalcheri
Hong Kong: 五月茶 - 五味子
Indonesia: Buni, Wuni
Java: Wuni
Kannada: Kareekomme, Kari komme, Naayi kote, Nayi kode
Lao: ສາງສິນຄ້າຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ Kho liên tu
Makassar: Bu'ne
Malayalam: Airyaporiyan, Mayilkombi, Aryaporiyan, Cerutali, Cherutali, Neelathali, Noolithali
Malaysia: Buneh, Buni, Berunai
Manipuri: Heiyen
Marathi: Aamatee, Amati, Bhumy-sadpay
Mizo: Tuai-tit
Palauan: Tsiam
Polish: Antydesma wawrzynolistna
Russian: Антидесма свербиговая
Slovak: Antidezma ovocná
Sunda: Huni
Tamil: நோலைதலி Nolaidali
Telugu: Aanepoo, Anepu, Jaanupolaari, Janu polari, Anep
Thai: บาเหมารูส - มาเมาดง - เหมาช้าง Ba mao ruese, Mamao dong, Mao chang

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) manufacture bubble-nets as tools to increase prey intake

NEWS - Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) create bubble net tools while foraging, consisting of internal tangential rings, and actively control the number of rings, their size, depth and horizontal spacing between the surrounding bubbles. These structural elements of the net increase prey intake sevenfold. Researchers have known that humpback whales create “bubble nets” for hunting, but the new report shows that the animals also manipulate them in a variety of ways to maximize catches. The behavior places humpbacks among the rare animals that make and use their own tools. “Many animals use tools to help them find food, but very few actually make or modify these tools themselves,” said Lars Bejder, director of the Marine Mammal Research Program (MMRP), University of Hawaii at Manoa. “Humpback whales in southeast Alaska create elaborate bubble nets to catch krill. They skillfully blow bubbles in patterns that form a web with internal rings. They actively control details such ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar (Amanita javanica)

OPINION - Javan mocca or Javan slender caesar ( Amanita javanica ) is a mysterious fungus species and has been enigmatic since it was first reported by Boedijn in 1951 and after that no explanation or reporting of specimens is believed to be the same as expected. Boedijn (1951) described A. javanica which grew on Java island as having the characteristics covered in the Amanita genus. Corner and Bas in 1962 tried to describe Javan mocca and all species in Amanita based on specimens in Singapore. Over time some reports say that they have found A. javanica specimens in other Southeast Asia including also China, Japan, India and Nepal. But there is no definitive knowledge and many doubt whether the specimen is the same as described by Boedijn (1951). I was fortunate to have seen this species one afternoon and soon I took out a camera for some shots. In fact, I've only met this mushroom species once. Javan mocca is an endangered species and I have never seen in my experience in...
Post a Comment
Read more

Awar awar (Ficus septica)

Awar-awar or lagnob or hauli tree or barabar or sirih popar or tobo tobo ( Ficus septica ) is species of plants in Moraceae, trees grow in bushes or in neglected places and sap contained in roots, twigs, leaves and fruit is used to treat poisoning and digestive problems. F. septica is usually 1-5 m high, although in the forest it can be up to 25 m. Round, hollow and bare branches. Roots, twigs, leaves and fruit will emit a yellow sap and sticky if injured. The base of the leaves is large and spiky, arranged alternately or face to face with a stem length of 2.5-5 cm. Large leaf blade, round egg, 9-30x9-16 cm, rounded base and blunt narrow tip, flat-edged, upper side dark green with 6-12 secondary bones pale white. Fruit paired, single or clustered up to 4 items, short-stemmed, at the base has 3 protective leaves, light green or gray green and 1.5 cm in diameter. F. septica is food for 22 animal species including wasps, bats, birds, monkeys and mice as well as seed dispersing vecto...
Post a Comment
Read more