Skip to main content

Dog's tongue (Pseudelephantopus spicatus)

Dlium Dog's tongue (Pseudelephantopus spicatus)

Sandung or dog's-tongue (Pseudelephantopus spicatus) is a plant species in Asteraceae, perennial herbs, stems erect, 10-40 cm tall, inconspicuously ribbed, puberulous, grows wild on roadsides, open land and disturbed sites, often used to make brooms, animal feed and medicines.

P. spicatus has simple leaves, rosulate or alternate at base, 5-15 by 1.5-5 cm, obovate or oblanceolate, margin slightly serrate to entire, apex obtuse or rounded, base cuneate or attenuate and subcoriaceous. Upper surface puberulous without glands, lower surface puberulous with filiform hairs and capitate glands.



Lateral veins 9-15-paired. Petioles up to 2 cm long. Capitulescences terminal and axillary, capitula 1-4 aggregated in clusters supported by foliaceous bracts, clusters arranged in a spike. Capitula tubular, 14-17 mm long. Receptacle flat, 1-1.5 mm in diameters and glabrous.

Florets bisexual and fertile. Involucres oblong, in 2 series, 10-11 mm long. Phyllaries 8, decussate, light green, margin entire or piliferous and outer surface pilose without glands. The outer lanceolate and apicies acute. The inner ones obovate-lanceolate or oblong and apices acute.

Corollas salverform, white, zygomorphic and glabrous. Corolla tubes 5-9 mm long and corolla lobes 2.5-2.8 mm long. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long, apical appendage acute, base acute. Styles white, 5-9 mm long, branches ca. 2 mm long, inner surface covered with stigmatic papillae.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Cichorioideae
Tribe: Vernonieae
Subtribe: Elephantopinae
Genus: Pseudelephantopus Rohr in Skr. Naturhist.-Selsk. 2(1): 214 (1792)
Species: Pseudelephantopus spicatus (Juss. ex Aubl.) C.F.Baker in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 12(5): 55 (1902)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Distreptus replicatus Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 60: 601 (1830)
Distreptus spicatus (Juss. ex Aubl.) Cass. in G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 13: 367 (1819)
Elephantopus spicatus Juss. ex Aubl. in Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 808 (1775)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Ageratum quadriflorum Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 624 (1837)
Distreptus spicatus var. interruptus Ram.Goyena in Fl. Nicarag. 2: 448 (1911)
Distreptus spicatus var. nicaraguensis Ram.Goyena (1911)
Elephantopus colimensis Sessé & Moc. in Naturaleza (Mexico City), ser. 2, 1(App.): 150 (1890)
Elephantopus dubius Blanco (1845)
Elephantopus glaber Sessé & Moc. in Fl. Mexic.: 197 (1894)
Elephantopus littoralis Sessé & Moc. (1890)
Elephantopus spicatus var. densiflorus Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 335 (1891)
Elephantopus spicatus var. flavidus Kuntze (1891)
Elephantopus spicatus var. laxiflorus Kuntze (1891)
Elephantopus spicatus var. lilacinus Kuntze (1891)
Elephantopus spicatus var. roseus Klatt in Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 35: 279 (1896)
Elephantopus strigosus Willd. ex DC. in Prodr. 5: 87 (1836)
Matamoria spicata La Llave in P.de La Llave & J.M.de Lexarza, Nov. Veg. Descr. 1: 8 (1824)

PUBLICATIONS

Florence, J. & Hallé, N. (1986). Suite du catalogue des plantes a fleurs et Fougères des iles Australes. Rapa: 151-158. Direction des centres d'expérimentations nucléaires. Service mixte de contrôle biologique.

Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.

Koyama, H., Bunwong, S., Pornpongrungrueng, P. & Hind, D.J.N. (2016). Flora of Thailand 13(2): 143-428. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Liogier, A.H. (1996). Flora de la Española 8: 1-588. Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo.

Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Pruski, J.F. (ed.) (2018). Flora Mesoamericana 5(2): 1-608. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.

Robinson, H. & Funk, V. (2018). 190(1). Compositae-Vernonieae. Flora of Ecuador 94: 1-128. Gothenburg University.

Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

VERNACULAR NAME

English: Sandung, Dog's tongue
Indonesia: Sandung
Java: Sandung

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Dlium
Labels:

Popular Posts

Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil)

Japanese morning glory ( Ipomoea nil ) is a species of plant in the Convolvulaceae family, a climber with twining stems that grow up to 5 meters long. The green, finely hairy leaves are 14 cm long, heart-shaped at the base, entire or 3-5-lobed, tapering at the edges. The flowers are funnel-shaped, blue to reddish-purple with a whitish tube, 5 cm wide and up to 7 cm long. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Solanales Family: Convolvulaceae Subfamily: Convolvuloideae Tribe: Ipomoeeae Genus: Ipomoea L. in Sp. Pl.: 159 (1753) Species: Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth in Catal. Bot. 1: 36 (1797) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Convolvuloides triloba Moench in Methodus: 452 (1794) Convolvulus nil L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 219 (1762) Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 439 (1833 publ. 1834) HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS Convolvulus caeruleus (Roxb. ex Ker-Gawl.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 593 (1824) Convolvulus coelestis G.Forst. in Fl. Ins...
Read more

Moist pimpernel (Lindernia dubia)

Moist pimpernel ( Lindernia dubia ) is a species of plant in the Linderniaceae. It is a herbaceous, ground-growing, erect, cylindrical stem with red to light brown color. The leaves are green, oval, up to 10 mm long, up to 7 mm wide, with rounded tips and reddish veins. The flowers are funnel-shaped, bluish-white, with yellow veins. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Linderniaceae Genus: Lindernia All. in Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 3: 178 (1766) Species: Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell in Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 141 (1935) Variety: Lindernia dubia var. dubia, Lindernia dubia var. rhizomatosa Pennell ex D.Q.Lewis HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Ilysanthes dubia (L.) Barnhart in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 376 (1899) Ilysanthes gratioloides Benth. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 419 (1846) Gratiola dubia L. in Sp. Pl.: 17 (1753) Limnophila dubia (L.) M.R.Almeida in Fl. Maharashtra 3B: 393 (2001)...
Read more

Asian house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

Asian house gecko ( Hemidactylus frenatus ) is an animal species in Gekkonidae, a medium sized reptile, up to 12 cm long, has a black phase, is nocturnal, lives mixed with other species in Gekkonidae in trees, wooden structures in houses and shrubs in the yard. H. frenatus has a relatively short snout, dorsal gray and whitish and mottled or blackish. Ventral white or slightly yellowish in color. It has no skin tufts on the sides and legs. The tail is round with rows of soft, white skin spikes. The scales are shaped like fine round spots on the dorsal side and come in various sizes. Having rash arranged in rows is rather rare. Two faint lines on each side of the body from the waist to the hips and a line above the hips. Rows of soft thorn-like nodules on each side of the tail. A pair of anal pores at the base of the tail at the back of the anus. The tail is slightly reddish orange on the underside towards the tip. Wide scales on the underside of the tail. The black phase is dorsal bl...
Read more