Sangketan or Indian heliotrope (Heliotropium indicum) is a plant species in the Boraginaceae, with upright stems, green in color, up to 100 cm high, many branches and coarse-haired, grows solitary or in groups at some distance to form plots in an area.
H. indicum has alternate leaves, egg circular shape, serrated or ridged edge, blunt base, sharp tip, wavy surface, green, smooth hair on top and bottom.
The leaves have long stalks with narrow linear pinnate bases and eventually widen into a leaf blade. The petiole continues into a single bone in the center with many pinnate and branching veins.
The flowers are small in panicles, grow in rows along the stem at the very top and are bluish white. The flower stems have a length of 30 cm, coming out of the axillary or the ends of the stalks that end curling with the petals facing upwards.
Indian heliotrope grows wild in fields, rice fields, yards and vacant land. It grows in dry climates from lowlands to an altitude of 800 meters. This plant is often used as traditional medicine.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Subfamily: Heliotropioideae
Genus: Heliotropium Tourn. ex L. in Sp. Pl.: 130 (1753)
Species: Heliotropium indicum L. in Sp. Pl.: 139 (1753)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Heliophytum indicum (L.) DC. in Prodr. 9: 556 (1845)
Tiaridium indicum (L.) Lehm. in Pl. Asperif. Nucif.: 14 (1818)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Eliopia riparia Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 90 (1838)
Eliopia serrata Raf. (1838)
Heliophytum foetidum DC. (1845)
Heliophytum velutinum DC. (1845)
Heliotropium africanum Schumach. & Thonn. in C.F.Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 87 (1827)
Heliotropium anisophyllum P.Beauv. in Fl. Oware 2: 62 (1818)
Heliotropium cordifolium Moench in Methodus: 415 (1794)
Heliotropium foetidum Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 112 (1796)
Heliotropium horminifolium Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 3 (1768)
Heliotropium lanceolatum Noronha in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 18 (1790)
Heliotropium parviflorum Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 80 (1837)
Tiaridium anisophyllum G.Don in Gen. Hist. 4: 364 (1837)
Tiaridium indicum var. mexicanum M.Martens & Galeotti in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11: 337 (1844)
Tiaridium velutinum Lehm. (1818)
PUBLICATIONS
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VERNACULAR NAME
Bengali: হাতিসুর Hatisura
Burmese: ဆန်ကေတန်
Chamorro: Batbena
Chinese (simplified): 大尾摇 - 狗尾天芥菜
Chinese (traditional): 印度天芹菜 - 狗尾草 - 大尾搖
English: Indian heliotrope, Indian String-of-Stars, Indian turnsole
Filipina: Trompang elepante, Buntot-leon, Kambra-kambra
French: Héliotrope d'Inde
Gujarati: Hathi-sundhara
Hindi: हथजोरी Hathajori
Indonesian: Sangketan, Buntut tikus
Japanese: ナンバンルリソウ
Kannada: Chelumani gida, Chelubalada Gida
Khmer: សង្កែតាន់
Konkani: Ajeru
Lao: ສັງກະຕັນ
Maharashtra: भुरुंडी
Malayalam: Thekkada, Thelkada, Therkkada, Thekkida
Malaysia: Rumput ekur kucing, Rumput kala jenkeng, Rumput oleh
Manipuri: Leihenbi
Marathi: Bhurundi
Nepali: हात्तीसुन्डे झर Haattisunde Jhaar
Oriya: Hati-sand
Polish: Heliotrop indyjski
Portuguese: Cravo-de-urubu
Russian: Гелиотроп индийский
Sanskrit: Vrscikali, Hastishundi, श्रीहस्तीनी Shrihastini, चञ्चुफल Chanchuphala
Sinhala: ටෙට්කොටුක්කි Teṭkoṭukki
Slovak: Skrutec liečivý
Southern Africa: Indian String-of-Stars
Spanish: Cola de alacrán
Tamil: டெட்கோட்டுக்கி Tetkotukki
Telugu: Naga Danti
Thai: หญ้างวงช้าง
Vietnam: Hoa hướng dương Ấn Độ
Aryo Bandoro
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