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Kamijara (Alpinia malaccensis)

Dlium Kamijara (Alpinia malaccensis)

Kamijara (Alpinia malaccensis) is a plant species in the Zingiberaceae, herbaceous, upright and sturdy, up to 4 meters high, green and the parts smell aromatic.

A. malaccensis has narrow lanceolate leaves, up to 100 cm long, 7-20 cm wide and with a sharp tip. A linear vein in the center forms a trench with many lateral veins. The stalk is 3-7 cm long. Margins are thickened and flat. The upper side is dark green and shiny, the lower side is bright green.





Racemose inflorescences on the shoots, erect or slightly curved, up to 50 cm long. The stalk of the flower panicle is erect, stout, green, densely haired, supporting up to 60 or more single flowers, the bottom few perhaps in pairs of 2 florets.

Flowers have secondary bracts to 2-4 cm, white, some tipped purple-red. The ovary measures 0.9x1.2 cm and is hairy. The petals are 3.2 cm long, 3 spikes, white and have velvety hair on the outside. Crown with tube up to 1.2 cm, white, upper spur up to 4x2.5 cm, hairy on the outside and 2 spurs on the sides slightly smaller.

The labellum is egg-shaped, wide, up to 6 cm long and the widest part is more than 3 cm, the edge is wrinkled, the tip forms a prominent edge, the inside is red with yellow spots, the edge is yellow with stripes. red-purple line.

The fruit is in the form of a capsule and tends to be round, up to 3 cm in diameter, with stiff hairs, when ripe it is orange-red or brownish. Seeds have 3-4 corners and are 5 mm long. This species grows in primary forests and other wild areas that are cool and damp.

All parts smell strong and contain some kind of essential oil. Rhizomes are used as a vegetable or cooking spice, treat boils and wounds, refine the singer's voice. Fruit peel to clean and scent clothes and hair.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Subfamily: Alpinioideae
Tribe: Alpinieae
Genus: Alpinia Roxb. in Asiat. Res. 11: 350 (1810)
Species: Alpinia malaccensis (Burm.f.) Roscoe in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 345 (1807)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Maranta malaccensis Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 2 (1768)
Buekia malaccensis (Burm.f.) Raeusch. in Nomencl. Bot. Pl. Illustr., ed. 3: 1 (1797)
Catimbium malaccense (Burm.f.) Holttum in Gard. Bull. Singapore 13: 155 (1950)
Languas malaccensis (Burm.f.) Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 19: 343 (1921)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Alpinia nutans var. sericea Baker in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 6: 256 (1892)

PUBLICATIONS

Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.

Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.

Newman, M. & Sangvirotjanapat, S. (2023). Flora of Thailand 16(2): 333-747. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.

Nguyen, Q.B. (2017). Thực Vật Chí Việt Nam. Flora of Vietnam 21: 1-489. Nhà xuất bản khoa học và kỹ thuật, Hà Nội.

Sarder, N.U. & Hassan, M.A. (eds.) (2018). Vascular flora of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts 1: 1-897. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.

Zhengyi, W. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2000). Flora of China 24: 1-431. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

VERNACULAR NAME

Aceh: Saya
Ambon: Lawasa malaka
Chinese (Simplified) 毛瓣山姜
Chinese (Traditional) 毛瓣月桃
English: Kamijara
Filipino: Tagbak babae, Barapat, Birao-birao
Gayo: Seruleu
Indonesian: Lengkuas melaka, Kamijara, Bangle melaka
Java: Kamijara
Lampung: Sĕsuk, Susuk
Malaysia: Puar, Bangle
Melayu: Bunglai laki-laki, Bolang, Kĕpolang, Langkuas malaka, Makui malaka
Nias: Tugala
Palembang: Siga
Seram: Laäwasé wakan
Sunda: Laja gowah, Raja gowah
Ternate: Madamongè
Thai: Kha paa

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