Puspa midra or Indian shot (Canna indica) is plant species in Cannaceae, annual, shrub 0.5-2.5 meters high, depending on variety, erect stems, unbranched and leaf midrib arranged overlapping to form pseudostems and hermaphrodite flowers.
C. indica forms a branched rhizome, 60 cm long which is divided into rounded segments and is covered in two stripes by pale green or purple scaly leaves. The rhizome has tubers that contain very large starch grains. The surface has transverse furrows, the underside appears white roots and numerous shoots.
The leaves sit alternate and spiral or arranged in two rows, very large and divided into a leaf midrib, short stalk and blade. The strands are 30-60 cm long, 10-20 cm wide and have linear veins, green or purple-green, the base blunt or narrowly pointed and the apex immediately tapering or sharp.
Hermaphrodite flowers, pedicels 0.2-1 cm long and red or yellow-orange, except in some cultivars 4.5-7.5 cm long. The sepals are triangular in shape and 1-1.7 cm long. Petals erect and 4-6.5 cm long. The tube has a length of 1.5-2 cm. Seeds are small, round, black pellets, hard and dense to sink in water and germinate.
TAXON
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Cannaceae
Genus: Canna L. in Sp. Pl.: 1 (1753)
Species: Canna indica Canna indica L. in Sp. Pl.: 1 (1753)
HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS
Canna elegans Raf. in Fl. Ludov.: 143 (1817)
Canna ellipticifolia Stokes in Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 2 (1812)
Canna variabilis Willd. in Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 2: 169 (1808)
Cannacorus indicus (L.) Medik. in Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 379 (1790)
Cannacorus ovatus Moench in Methodus: 526 (1794)
HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS
Canna achiras Gillies ex D.Don in Edwards's Bot. Reg. 16: t. 1358 (1830)
Canna altensteinii Bouché in Linnaea 11: 326 (1837)
Canna amabilis T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka in Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B. Bot. 26: 11 (2000)
Canna ascendens Ciciar. in Darwiniana 45: 189 (2007)
Canna atronigricans André in Pl. Feuill. Ornem.: 127 (1866)
Canna aurantiaca Roscoe in Monandr. Pl. Scitam.: t. 21 (1826)
Canna aurantiaca splendida Année ex André (1866)
Canna aureovittata G.Lodd. in Bot. Cab. 5: t. 449 (1821)
Canna barbadica Bouché in Linnaea 8: 145 (1833), nom. nud.
Canna bidentata Bertol. in Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 10: 33 (1859)
Canna bifida Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 1(Add. 1): 69 (1817)
Canna bihorellii G.Nicholson in Ill. Dict. Gard. 1: 262 (1884)
Canna brasiliensis Roscoe ex Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 4(2): 5 (1827)
Canna caledonis-peltata Chaté in Canna: 140 (1867)
Canna carnea Roscoe (1826)
Canna cearensis Huber in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 1: 297 (1901)
Canna chinensis Willd. (1808)
Canna cinnabarina Bouché in Linnaea 18: 490 (1845)
Canna coccinea Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 3 (1768)
Canna coccinea var. bicolor Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 47: 59 (1912)
Canna coccinea var. concolor Regel in Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1866: 85 (1867)
Canna coccinea f. flaviflora Chodat & Hassl. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 1108 (1903)
Canna coccinea var. floribunda (Bouché) Regel (1867)
Canna coccinea var. limbata Regel (1867)
Canna commutata Bouché (1833)
Canna compacta Rosco (1824)
Canna concinna Bouché (1845)
Canna crocea Roem. & Schult. (1817)
Canna densifolia Bouché (1845)
Canna denudata var. grandis Petersen in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 3(3): 75 (1890)
Canna discolor Lindl. in Edwards's Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1231 (1829)
Canna discolor var. rubripunctata Nob.Tanaka in Makinoa, n.s., 1: 31 (2001)
Canna discolor var. viridifolia Nob.Tanaka (2001)
Canna edulis Ker Gawl. in Bot. Reg. 9: t. 775 (1824)
Canna ehrenbergii Bouché (1833)
Canna ellipticifolia var. coccinea (Mill.) Stokes (1812)
Canna ellipticifolia var. lutea (Mill.) Stokes (1812)
Canna ellipticifolia var. patens (Aiton) Stokes (1812)
Canna ellipticifolia var. rubra Stokes (1812)
Canna esculenta G.Don in J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit.: 1 (1830)
Canna exigua Bouché (1845)
Canna eximia Bouché ex Horan. in Prodr. Monogr. Scitam.: 18 (1862)
Canna expansa Année ex André (1866)
Canna expansa-rubra G.Nicholson (1884)
Canna flavescens Link in Handbuch 1: 226 (1829)
Canna floribunda Bouché (1845)
Canna formosa Bouché (1845)
Canna fuchsina Ciciar. in Bot. Complutensis 34: 50 (2010)
Canna fulgida Bouché (1845)
Canna gaboniensis Chaté (1867)
Canna heliconiifolia Bouché (1833)
Canna heliconiifolia var. xalapensis (Bouché) Kraenzl. (1912)
Canna houlletii André (1866)
Canna humilis Bouché (1833)
Canna indica var. coccinea (Mill.) Aiton in Hortus Kew. 1: 1 (1789)
Canna indica var. edwardsii Regel (1867)
Canna indica var. flava (Roscoe) Baker in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 6: 261 (1892)
Canna indica var. karsteniana Regel (1867)
Canna indica var. limbata (Regel) Petersen (1890)
Canna indica var. lutea (Mill.) Aiton (1789)
Canna indica var. maculata Hook. in Exot. Fl. 1: t. 53 (1823)
Canna indica var. nepalensis (Bouché) Baker (1892)
Canna indica subsp. orientalis Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 7: 328 (1898)
Canna indica var. orientalis Baker (1892)
Canna indica var. patens Aiton (1789)
Canna indica var. rubra Aiton (1789)
Canna indica f. rubroaurantiaca Makino in Ill. Fl. Nippon: 707 (1940)
Canna indica var. sanctae-rosae (Kraenzl.) Nob.Tanaka (2001)
Canna indica var. saturaterubra Regel (1867)
Canna indica var. speciosa Baker (1892)
Canna indica var. variegata Regel (1867)
Canna indica var. warszewiczii Nob.Tanaka (2001)
Canna insignis G.Nicholson (1884)
Canna juncea Retz. in Observ. Bot. 1: 9 (1779)
Canna laeta Bouché (1845)
Canna lagunensis Lindl. in Edwards's Bot. Reg. 16: t. 1311 (1830)
Canna lambertii Lindl. ex Ker Gawl. in Bot. Reg. 6: t. 470 (1820)
Canna lanuginosa Roscoe (1827)
Canna lavalleei André (1866)
Canna leptochila Bouché (1833)
Canna liervalii André (1866)
Canna limbata Roscoe (1827)
Canna limbata var. hybrida Année ex André (1866)
Canna lutea Larrañaga in Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 6 (1923)
Canna lutea Mill. (1768)
Canna lutea var. aurantiaca (Roscoe) Regel (1867)
Canna lutea var. genuina Kraenzl. (1912)
Canna lutea var. maculata (Hook.) Regel (1867)
Canna lutea var. pallida (Roscoe) Regel (1867)
Canna macrophylla Horan. (1862)
Canna maculata (Hook.) Link (1829)
Canna maxima Lodd. ex Roscoe (1828)
Canna montana Blume in Enum. Pl. Javae: 35 (1827)
Canna moritziana Bouché (1845)
Canna musifolia Année ex Chaté (1867)
Canna musifolia sanguinea Hend. & Andr.Hend. in Gard. Chron. 1870: 446 (1870)
Canna musifolia-edulis André (1866)
Canna musifolia-hybrida Année ex André (1866)
Canna nepalensis Bouché (1833)
Canna occidentalis Ker Gawl. (1824)
Canna orientalis Roscoe (1826)
Canna orientalis Bouché (1833)
Canna orientalis var. flava Roscoe (1826)
Canna orientalis var. flavescens (Link) Baker in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 13: 43 (1893)
Canna pallida Roscoe (1824)
Canna pallida var. maculata (Hook.) Roscoe (1828)
Canna patens (Aiton) Roscoe in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 338 (1807)
Canna patens var. limbata (Regel) Baker (1893)
Canna pentaphylla D.Dietr. in Syn. Plant. 1: 5 (1839)
Canna peruviana Année ex André (1866)
Canna peruviana-purpurea Année ex Chaté (1867)
Canna peruviana-robusta Année ex Chaté (1867)
Canna peruviana-spectabilis Année ex Chaté (1867)
Canna platyphylla Nees & Mart. in Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 11: 22 (1823)
Canna plurituberosa T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka in J. Jap. Bot. 75: 89 (2000)
Canna poeppigii Bouché in Linnaea 12: 143 (1838)
Canna polyclada Wawra in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 7 (1863)
Canna polymorpha Bouché (1833)
Canna porteana André (1866)
Canna portoricensis Bouché (1838)
Canna pruinosa Hoffmanns. in Verz. Pfl.-Kult., Nachtr. 2: 79 (1826)
Canna pulchra Hassk. in Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt.: 52 (1844)
Canna pulchra Bouché ex Horan. (1862)
Canna purpurea-spectabilis Année ex Chaté (1867)
Canna recurvata Bouché (1845)
Canna rendatleri G.Nicholson (1884)
Canna robusta Année ex André (1866)
Canna roscoeana Bouché (1833)
Canna rotundifolia André in Rev. Hort. (Paris) 11: 371 (1862)
Canna rubra Willd. (1808)
Canna rubricaulis Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 1 (1821)
Canna sanctae-rosae Kraenzl. (1912)
Canna sanguinea Warsz. ex Otto & A.Dietr. in Allg. Gartenzeitung 19: 290 (1851)
Canna sanguinea Bouché (1833)
Canna saturate-rubra Bouché ex K.Koch in Berliner Allg. Gartenzeitung 1858: 386 (1858)
Canna schubertii Horan. (1862)
Canna seleriana Kraenzl. (1912)
Canna sellowii Bouché (1833)
Canna speciosa Hegetschw in Scitaminum: 5 (1813)
Canna speciosa Roscoe ex Sims in Bot. Mag. 49: t. 2317 (1822)
Canna spectabilis Bouché (1845)
Canna sulphurea Bouché (1833)
Canna surinamensis Bouché (1845)
Canna tenuiflora Bouché ex A.Dietr. in Sp. Pl., ed. 6. 1: 13 (1831)
Canna texensis Regel (1867)
Canna textoria Noronha in L.-M.A.A.Du Petit-Thouars, Mélang. Bot. 3(Prodr. Phytol.): 1 (1811)
Canna thyrsiflora Hegetschw. in Scitaminum: t. 1, f. 8 (1813)
Canna tineoi Tod. in Index Seminum (PAL, Panormitani) 1858: 25 (1858)
Canna vanhouttei Lierv. ex André (1866)
Canna variegata Besser in Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec: 25 (1810)
Canna variegata Bouché (1845)
Canna variegatifolia Ciciar. in Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 14: 334 (1995)
Canna ventricosa Bouché (1845)
Canna warszewiczii A.Dietr. (1851)
Canna warszewiczii var. flameus Ram.Goyena in Fl. Nicarag. 2: 806 (1911)
Canna xalapensis Bouché (1833)
Canna zebrina Année ex André (1866)
Canna zebrina nana André (1866)
Distemon brasiliensis (Roscoe ex Spreng.) Bouché (1845)
Distemon grandis Horan. (1862)
Xyphostylis lutea (Mill.) Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 4: 52 (1838)
PUBLICATIONS
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VERNACULAR NAME
Afrikaans: Indiese Kanna
Arabic: لقطة هندية
Bali: Milu-milu
Batak: Hosbe
Bengali: সব্বজয় - সর্বজ্জয় Sabbajaya, Sarvajjaya
Betawi: Bunga tasbih
Bugis: Tasa'be
Chinese (Simplified): 美人蕉
Chinese (Traditional): 紅花蕉 - m美人蕉
Czech: Dosna indická
Danish: Kanna
Dutch: Indisch bloemriet
English: Canna, Indian Canna, Indian shot, Small-flowered canna, Wild Canna
Finnish: Intiankanna
French: Balisier d'Inde
German: Indisches Blumenrohr
Hindi: सब्बज्जया - सर्वज्जया Sabbajaya, Sarvajjaya
Hungarian: Rózsanád
Indonesian: Bunga Tasbih, Bunga kana
Italian: Canna d'India
Japanese: アカバナダンドク - ショクヨウカンナ - ダンドク
Java: Kembang gedang, Puspa midra, Puspa nyidra, Limbong, Nyindra, Mindro
Kannada: Bale sugandhi, Kabale, Samudra bale
Korean: 칸나 - 인도 탄
Lithuanian: Indinė kana
Madura: Tasbhi
Makassar: Bunga tasebe
Malayalam: Canna, Chakkarachembu, Kandamani-valai, Vazhachedi
Marathi: Dev-kel, Kardai
Melayu: Ganyong hutan
Minahasa: Kela, Kontas, Tuis im tasic, Totombe, Wuro
Nepali: सब्बजय - सर्वजय Sabbajaya, Sarvajjaya
Oria: Kamakshee, Sarvajaya
Polish: Paciorecznik indyjski
Portuguese: Achira, Biri, Cana-da-índia, Meeru
Russian: Канна индийская
Sinhala: කල්වායි Kalvazhai
Slovak: Kana jedlá
Spanish: Achira, Bandera española, Platanillo rojo, Rea, Maraca roja, Cigarrón
Sunda: Ganyong wana, Ganyong alas, Sebe, Sebeh, Tasbeh, Ganyol leuweung
Tamil: கல்வழாய் Kalvazhai
Telugu: Krishna tamara
Ternate: Tasupe
Thai: พุทธรักษากินหัว - สาคู
Ukrainian: Кана індійська
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