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Menjing (Alchornea rugosa)

Dlium Menjing (Alchornea rugosa)

Menjing (Alchornea rugosa) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae, shrub or small tree, cylindrical stem, 1.5-5 meters high, petiole 0.5-3 cm long. leaf length 10-21 cm, leaf width 4-10 cm, thin, blunt base and jagged edges.

A. rugosa has flowers in terminal, branched, 7-25 cm long. Flowers are yellow or white or green. Fruits are round with linear indentations like crystals. Menjing grows in dense forests or open forests with elevations up to 600 meters and adapts well to dry soils, red soils and flooded soils.



TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Acalyphoideae
Tribe: Alchorneeae
Subtribe: Alchorneinae
Genus: Alchornea Sw. in Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occid.: 98 (1788)
Species: Alchornea rugosa (Lour.) Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 170 (1865)

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Cladodes rugosa Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 574 (1790)

HETEROTYPIC SYNONYMS

Adelia glandulosa Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 814 (1837)
Alchornea hainanensis Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 147, VII(Heft 63): 242 (1914)
Alchornea hainanensis var. glabrescens Pax & K.Hoffm. (1914)
Alchornea hainanensis var. pubescens Pax & K.Hoffm. (1914)
Alchornea javanensis (Blume) Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 170 (1865)
Alchornea javanensis (Blume) Backer & Bakh.f. in Fl. Java 1: 485 (1963)
Alchornea petalostyla Airy Shaw in Kew Bull. 35: 395 (1980)
Alchornea pubescens Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 20: 399 (1922)
Alchornea rugosa var. macrocarpa Airy Shaw in Kew Bull. 26: 211 (1972)
Alchornea rugosa var. pubescens (Pax & K.Hoffm.) H.S.Kiu in Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 44(2): 69 (1996)
Aparisthmium javanense (Blume) Hassk. in Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt.: 235 (1844)
Aparisthmium javanicum Baill. in Étude Euphorb.: 468 (1858)
Conceveiba javanensis Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 614 (1826)
Conceveiba latifolia Zipp. ex Span. in Linnaea 15: 349 (1841)
Croton apetalus Blume in Catalogus: 104 (1823)
Tragia innocua Blanco (1845)

PUBLICATIONS

Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Chayamarit, K. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Genera A-F). Flora of Thailand 8(1): 1-303. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.

Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.

Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.

Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

van Welzen, P.C. & Bulalacao, L.J. (2007). The genus Alchornea (Euphorbiaceae) in the Malay Archipelago and Thailand. Systematic Botany 32: 803-818.

VERNACULAR NAME

English: Menjing
Filipino: Aguioi
Indonesia: Menjing, Drejeg
Java: Menjing, Drejeg
Malaysia: Julong jantan, Akar serimbong, Rabu kumbang
Sunda: Kedung leutik, Ki bewok
Thai: ข้างปอย - สาหมากไฟ - ดาบยาง Khaangpoi, Sa maakfai, Dap yaang

Aryo Bandoro
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