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False staghorn fern (Dicranopteris linearis)

Dlium False staghorn fern (Dicranopteris linearis)

False staghorn fern (Dicranopteris linearis) is a plant species in the Gleicheniaceae, a common fern with stems growing from rhizomes, cylindrical in shape, straight, branching at an angle of 45 degrees, forming fronds that continuously sprout and branch.

D. linearis has white sorus and appears on the underside of the leaf, lining up along the left and right of the veins. Rhizomes spread by cloning, spreading along the ground and climbing other vegetation, often forming thickets 3 meters or more deep.



Colonies of this species form mats that are layered. The branches can reach over 6 meters in length and can climb up to 10 meters high if supported by the tree. The last leaf segment is linear, up to 7 cm long and a few millimeters wide. The underside is hairy and sometimes waxy.

This fern grows easily in infertile, nutrient-poor soils, disturbed habitats and steep slopes. This species dominates many areas of the rainforest as a pioneer species in ecological succession and colonizes empty sites such as lava flows, talus and abandoned roads.

When it grows in a new place it will produce layers of stems and leaves repeatedly until there is a network of vegetation. Dead leaves and stems decompose very slowly, so the tissue remains. The network is then filled with organic forest detritus, forming a layer of litter up to 1 meter thick.

The tissue is penetrated by rhizomes and roots, thereby serving as a substrate in itself. These ferns may have allelopathic effects and prevent the growth of other plants. This plant is used to treat worms, boils, skin wounds, fever and kill bacteria.

TAXON

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Subclass: Polypodiidae
Order: Gleicheniales
Family: Gleicheniaceae
Genus: Dicranopteris Bernh. in Neues J. Bot. 1(2): 38 (1806)
Species: Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 250 (1907)
Variety: Dicranopteris linearis var. bidentata (Alderw.) Holttum, Dicranopteris linearis var. ferruginea (Blume) Holttum, Dicranopteris linearis var. linearis, Dicranopteris linearis var. rigida (Blume) Holttum, Dicranopteris linearis var. stipulosa (Christ) Nakai, Dicranopteris linearis var. subferruginea (Hieron. ex Brause) Nakai, Dicranopteris linearis var. tomentosa (Luerss.) Miles K.Thomas

HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS

Dicranopteris linearis var. typica (Alderw.) Nakai in Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 29: 67 (1950)
Gleichenia linearis (Burm.f.) C.B.Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 428 (1880)
Gleichenia linearis var. normalis Alderw. in Malayan Ferns: 59 (1908)
Gleichenia linearis f. typica Alderw. in Malayan Ferns: 59 (1908)
Mertensia linearis (Burm.f.) Fritsch in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 1: 1092 (1901)
Polypodium lineare Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 235 (1768),

PUBLICATIONS

Allan, H.A. (1961). Flora of New Zealand 1: 1-1085. Botany division, D.S.I.R., Christchurch.

Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.

Chang, C.-S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2021). Checklist of Far East Asian Vascular Flora 1: 1-626. EABCN, Seoul.

Chen, C.-W. & al. (2022). An annotated checklist of lycophytes and ferns of the Solomon islands. The Fern Gazette 21: 292-419.

Ebihara, A. (2016). The standard of ferns and lycophytes in Japan. Nihonsan shida shokubutsu hyojun zukan 1: 1-475. Gakken Plus, Tokyo.

Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. & al. (2017). An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes 1: 1-562. Dehra Dun : BSMPS.

Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. & al. (2018). An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes 2: 1-573. Dehra Dun : BSMPS.

Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. (2023). Pteridophytes of Bhutan : a taxonomic enumeration: 1-610. Messrs Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.

Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].

Hsu, T.C., Chen, C.W., Knapp, R. & Hung, H.C. (2019). Ferns and Lycophytes I. The illustrated flora of Taiwan. Tai wan yuan sheng zhi wu quan tu jian 8(1): 1-448. Tai bei shi : Mao tou ying chu ban : Jia ting chuan mei cheng bang fen gong si fa xing.

Lorence, D.H. & Wagner, W.L. (2019). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 1: 1-411. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.

Meyer, J.-Y. (2017). Guide des plantes de Wallis et Futuna: 1-486. Au vent des iles, editions, Tahiti.

Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.

Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.

Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). World Ferns: Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Singh, S.K. & al. (2023). Pteridophytes of Meghalaya. A pictorial guide: 1-246. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.

St. John, H. (1988). Census of the Flora of the Gambier islands, Polynesia. Pacific Plant Studies 43: 1-34.

VERNACULAR NAME

Australia: Hay rake fern
Chinese (simplified): 山蕨 - 芒萁 - 蜈蚣草 - 铁芒萁
Chinese (traditional): 芒萁 - 鐵芒萁
Dutch: Gewone vorkvaren
English: False staghorn fern, Hay rake fern, Old world forked fern, Scrambling fern, false staghorn
Filipino: Dilim, Kilob, Tilub, Gapingoi
Finnish: Aurinkosaniainen
French: Dicranoptéride linéaire
Hawaiian: Uluhe
Hong Kong: 芒萁
Indonesian: Resam
Japanese: コシダ - ナンヨウコシダ
Java: Resam
Korean: 발풀고사리
Lampung: Hasam
Macao: 芒萁
Malaysia: Resam, Bengkawang
Palauan: Itouch
Russian: Дикраноптерис линейный
Slovak: Dvojjarmovec čiarkovitý
Spanish: Helecho bifurcado del viejo mundo
Sunda: Paku andam
Tagalog: Dilim
Taiwan: 芒萁
Thai: กูดปิ้ด

Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
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