Landouria bella and Landouria monodon (Camaenidae Pilsbry 1895), new species from Thailand

NEWS - Researchers described the genus Landouria (Godwin-Austen, 1918) and identified two new species, Landouria bella and Landouria monodon. The team from Chaiyaphum Rajabhat University in Chaiyaphum and Mahasarakham University in Maha Sarakham noted that the two species were distinct from each other in the genus.

Hirano et al. (2014) suggested that Landouria is a junior synonym of Aegista. In fact, a unique characteristic shared by all Landouria members in Thailand is the absence of a dart sac and a stimulatory organ, a combination of characters that are considered to define the family Camaenidae.

Benchawan Nahok and team showed that Landouria and Aegista are two distinct genera. Landouria has a small, compressed shell, a wide, open umbilicus, and the presence of flagella of various shapes. To date, more than 50 species have been recorded in the genus.

L. bella was collected from isolated limestone hills in Ratchaburi and Phetchaburi provinces, western Thailand. Small, concave-rounded shell without peripheral keel, presence of small and thin lamellae on the columellar side of the inner aperture, long, cylindrical, bent distally flagellum, short penis with rounded verge, short and thick free oviduct and vagina.

L. monodon was collected from sandstone hills in Kalasin Province, northeastern Thailand. The shell is concave-conical with blunt peripheral keel, thick prominent lamellae on the columellar side of the inner aperture, short, finger-shaped, bent distally flagellum, long penis with small and short verge.

Landouria bella and Landouria monodon (Camaenidae Pilsbry 1895), new species from Thailand 2

L. bella differs from all other species from Thailand by its concave and rounded shell. Other Thai Landouria species usually have slightly angular to prominent keels on the edges, as seen in L. monodon. The presence of small and thin columellar lamellae on the inner aperture of L. bella resembles that of L. monodon, but is more prominent.

Original research

Nahok B, Chanlabut U, Tumpeesuwan S, Tumpeesuwan C (2024) Two new species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae) from Thailand, with a key to Thai species. ZooKeys 1208: 347-362. DOI:10.3897/zookeys.1208.117056

Indian shot (Canna indica)

Puspa midra or Indian shot ( Canna indica ) is is plant species in Cannaceae, annual, shrub 0.5-2.5 meters high, depending on variety, erect stems, unbranched and leaf midrib arranged overlapping to form pseudostems and hermaphrodite flowers. C. indica forms a branched rhizome, 60 cm long which is divided into rounded segments and is covered in two stripes by pale green or purple scaly leaves. The rhizome has tubers that contain very large starch grains. The surface has transverse furrows, the underside appears white roots and numerous shoots. The leaves sit alternate and spiral or arranged in two rows, very large and divided into a leaf midrib, short stalk and blade. The strands are 30-60 cm long, 10-20 cm wide and have linear veins, green or purple-green, the base blunt or narrowly pointed and the apex immediately tapering or sharp. Hermaphrodite flowers, pedicels 0.2-1 cm long and red or yellow-orange, except in some cultivars 4.5-7.5 cm long. The sepals are triangular in shape a...

Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)

Guinea grass or buffalo grass or green panic ( Panicum maximum ) is a plant species in Poaceae, annual grasses, growing upright to form clumps, strong, cultivated in all tropical and subtropical regions for very high value as fodder. P. maximum reproduces in very large pols, fibrous roots penetrate into the soil, upright stems, green, 1-1.5 m tall and have smooth cavities for diameters up to 2.5 mm. Propagation is done vegetatively and generatively. Ribbon-shaped leaves with a pointed tip, very many, built in lines, green, 40-105 cm long, 10-30 mm wide, erect, branched, a white linear bone, often covered with a layer of white wax, rough surface by hair short, dense and spread. The flower grows at the end of a long and upright stalk, open with the main axis length to more than 25 cm and the length of the bunches down to 20 cm. Grains have a size of 3x4 mm and oval. Seeds have a length of 2.25-2.50 mm and each 1 kg contains 1.2 - 1.5 million seeds. Guinea grass has two varieties. P...

Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia)

Sonokeling or Java palisandre or Indian rosewood ( Dalbergia latifolia ) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, a large tree producing hardwood, medium weight and high quality, rounded leaves, thin and broad pods, highly adaptive, grows in dry and rocky landscapes with lots of sunlight. D. latifolia has medium to large size, cylindrical stems, up to 40 m high with a ring of up to 2 m, the bark is brownish gray and slightly cracked longitudinally. The crown is dense, dome-shaped and sheds leaves. The leaves are compound and pinnate oddly with 5-7 strands that have different sizes and appear alternately on the shaft. The leaves are round or elongated in width or heart, the upper surface is green and the surface is pale green. The flowers are small, 0.5-1 cm long and clustered in panicles. The pods are green to brown when ripe and are elongated lanceolate, pointed at the base and tip. The pods have 1-4 seeds which are soft and brownish. Indian rosewood grows at elevations below 600 m,...

Dlium